The table below will be updated periodically. This report utilizes the generic name, even though the brand name may be more easily recognized among users in the US and Europe. The exception is the use of the shortened chemical name for some of the nucleoside analogs (a/k/a "nukes;" such as referring to AZT instead of zidovudine or the brand name, Retrovir). This is because the generic or chemical name is the one that counts--and may be of more relevance to international readers. Drugs in italics have not yet been approved by the FDA.
MAINSTREAM ANTIVIRAL DRUG THERAPY
|
Drug |
Dose |
Total Pills |
Total Daily Dose* |
Food restrictions |
|
NUCLEOSIDE ANALOGS (NRTIs, "nukes") |
||||
|
AZT (zidovudine, Retrovir) |
1 300 mg capsule twice daily (would less work as well?) |
2 |
600 mg |
none (with food may minimize stomach discomfort) |
|
Combivir (AZT/3TC) |
1 tablet, twice daily |
2 |
(600 mg/ |
none (with food may minimize stomach discomfort); do not take if you weigh less than 110 pounds |
|
Trizivir (AZT, 3TC, abacavir) |
1 tablet, twice daily |
2 |
(600 mg, |
none (with food may minimize stomach discomfort); do not take if you weigh less than 90-110 pounds |
|
d4T (stavudine, Zerit) |
1 capsule twice daily |
2 |
80 mg |
none |
|
ddI (didanosine, Videx) |
4 tablets, once per day (New Formulation: 2 tablets once daily) "Two 100-mg tablets twice a day* (a total of 4 pills a day), or Two 200-mg tablets, once a day (a total of 2 pills a day)." |
2 |
200 mg |
Empty stomach, don't eat for one hour after taking (2 hours after, 30 minutes before eating) |
|
3TC (lamivudine, Epivir) |
1 tablet, twice daily |
2 |
300 mg |
none |
|
ddC (dideoxycytidine, zalcitabine, HIVID) |
1 capsule, three times daily |
3 |
2.25 mg |
none; probably best on an empty stomach |
|
Abacavir (Ziagen) |
1 tablet, twice daily |
2 |
600 mg |
none; please see warnings below! |
|
Tenofovir (Viread) |
1 daily |
1 |
300 mg |
Take with food/high fat meal |
|
FTC (emtricitabine, Coviracil) |
1 daily |
1 |
200 mg |
none? |
|
DAPD/DXG, amdoxovir |
? |
bid? |
? |
? dioxolane purine nukes |
|
NON-NUCLEOSIDE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORS (NNRTIs) |
||||
|
Nevirapine (Viramune) |
1 200 mg tablet, twice daily (see below) |
2 |
400 mg |
none |
|
Delavirdine (Rescriptor) |
4 100 mg tablets, three times a day or 6 tablets, twice daily |
12 |
1200 mg |
Don't take with ddI or antacids; no food restrictions |
|
Efavirenz (Sustiva/Stocrin) |
3 200 mg capsules, once daily |
3 |
600 |
Not with high fat meal; take at bedtime for first 2-4 weeks |
|
TMC125 |
900 mg bid |
2? |
1,800 mg |
ND |
|
DPC 083 |
300 mg? |
1 |
300 mg? |
"son of Sustiva"; probably as Sustiva |
|
Emivirine (Coactinon) |
1 tablet, twice per day |
2 |
1,000 |
none; used with Sustiva Company suspending development |
|
PROTEASE INHIBITORS |
||||
|
Saquinavir (Invirase-hard gel) |
Only use with ritonavir if at all; old drug |
— |
— |
This is the old hard capsule formula, replaced by soft gel Fortovase. |
|
Saquinavir (Fortovase-soft gel) |
8 capsules, twice daily |
16 |
3,200 mg |
take within one hour of a meal which includes at least 28 grams of fat. Refrigerate for long-term storage (longer than 3 months). Otherwise, room temperature storage is fine. |
|
Ritonavir (Norvir) |
6 capsules, twice daily |
12 |
1,200 mg |
With food to minimize side effects, especially high-fat snacks. Store capsules, oral solution at room temperature, but refrigerate in hot weather. |
|
Indinavir (Crixivan) |
2 capsules, 3 times per day |
6 |
2,400 mg |
2 hours after food and 1 hour before; (empty stomach), or with a light, low-fat snack. Drink at least 48 ounces (six 8-oz. glasses) of water daily to prevent kidney stones. |
|
Nelfinavir (Viracept) |
5 tablets, twice daily |
10 |
2,500 mg |
take with meal or snack |
|
Amprenavir (Agenerase) |
8 tablets, twice daily |
16 |
2,400 mg |
With food but not with high fat meal; do not take extra vitamin E (beyond that in a multivitamin) |
|
Lopinavir + ritonavir (Kaletra) |
Each capsule, 133 mg lopinavir plus 33 mg of ritonavir. Three capsules twice daily. |
6 |
800/200 mg |
take with meal; liquid form is available. Keep refrigerated. |
|
Tipranavir (TPV) |
1-2 capsules, twice daily? |
2-4? |
1,000-2,000 |
non-peptidic; taken with fatty food |
|
Atazanavir (TAZ) |
200, 400 or 600 mg, as tolerated |
1 |
max 600 |
may cause hyperbilirubinemia |
|
FUSION INHIBITORS: gp120, gp41 |
||||
|
T20 |
Binds to gp120; 2 sub-q injections |
-- |
-- |
2 injections |
|
T1249 |
-- |
-- |
2 injections |
|
|
PRO540 |
ND |
ND |
ND |
|
|
chloroquine |
Test tube; interaction with gp120 |
ND |
ND |
ND |
|
FUSION INHIBITORS: ANTI-CCR5, CXCR4 |
||||
|
AMD3100 |
Trial halted, no efficacy |
ND |
-- |
Failed. |
|
SCH-C |
50-100 mg; every 12 hours |
ND |
-- |
|
|
SCH-D |
? |
ND |
-- |
|
|
OTHER TARGETS - INTEGRASE, REV:RRE |
||||
|
S-1360 |
In vitro and mouse data |
ND |
-- |
Effective against various isolates, resistant strains; animal studies |
|
neomycin derivative? tobramycin |
inhibits rev:rre |
ND |
-- |
This is purely theoretical |
|
Tat? Nef targets? Where are they? |
ND |
-- |
??? |
|
ND - No data.
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